Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, with a particularly heavy burden in low‑ and middle‑income countries.

In SA, prevalence rises sharply with age, mirroring global trends where middle‑aged and older adults account for the majority of cases.^1,2 Black African populations in SA have been shown to carry a higher genetic and clinical risk of primary open‑angle glaucoma, with earlier and more severe presentation compared to other groups.^3,4 Comorbid conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and ocular trauma are...